Website: https://www.arizonapetvet.com/ Improved operational efficiency through HQ-staffed telehealth and hands-on growth lever implementation, including centralized recruiting, vendor management, inventory management, and workflow optimization. Ownership status: acquired by Partners Group For the reasons that follow, the Court GRANTS Plaintiff's motion. Divestitures will help preserve current competition, and the prior notice and approval requirements will allow the FTC to keep a close watch on these markets moving forward.. The final order requires Compassion First and NVA to divest three clinics to MedVet Associates, LLC: NVAs REACH Veterinary Specialists in Asheville, N.C.; Compassion Firsts Veterinary Care Center in Norwalk, C.T. There are different types of veterinary consolidators: Below is the list of veterinary consolidators that own the largest share of the market. Veterinary practice consolidation is progressing, and in the upcoming years, we are likely to see more private equity firms buying practices which will be eventually swallowed up by even bigger corporations. Each violation of such an order may result in a civil penalty of up to $46,517. Business support they offer: Website: https://www.caraveterinary.com/ Practice eligibility criteria: General hospitals in dense areas NVA is a leading global veterinary community of nearly 1,200 independently managed veterinary hospitals providing specialty, emergency, and general medical care, and more than 100 pet resorts, all united in the love of animals and the people who love them. Practice eligibility criteria: Ownership agreement: From 51 percent to 100 percent sale (majority to SVP). NOTE: The Commission issues an administrative complaint when it has reason to believe that the law has been or is being violated, and it appears to the Commission that a proceeding is in the public interest. Number of hospitals: 22 Business support offered: Provides services such as general medicine, dental care, diagnostic tests, surgeries, emergency and critical care, and pharmacy as well as preventative medicine through a variety of Wellness Plans. We enforce federal competition and consumer protection laws that prevent anticompetitive, deceptive, and unfair business practices. What makes the veterinary industry so enticing for big corporations? Practice eligibility criteria: buying vet practices and pet resorts If you decide to sell your practice on the spur of the moment, without a sound exit strategy, you risk selling your legacy short and to the wrong people. The FTC will publish the consent agreement package in the Federal Register shortly. We work to advance government policies that protect consumers and promote competition. When an internist in the referral business who was paid not much more than $100,000 a year was told PEC could not afford to give her a raise at the same time that some emergency doctors were earning $250,000 a year the PEC board recognized that it had a problem on its hands. NVA is a growing community of more than 1,400 general practice clinics, emergency hospitals, equine practices, specialty hospitals, and pet resorts. Practice eligibility criteria: relationship-focused practices Buys in: states where the group already owns hospitals Their most recent acquisition was Ethos Veterinary Health on Aug 16, 2021. Pet owners rely on emergency clinics when they need care at all hours, including when general practice veterinarians are closed. Only $14.99/m; NEED A LAWYER? National Veterinary Associates Benefits include Dental Insurance and Health Insurance. National Veterinary Associates Inc., an animal health chain owned by German consumer goods giant JAB Holding Co., dodged federal antitrust litigation brought in Spokane, Wash., by two veterinarians who opposed its alleged plan to acquire an animal hospital there. Business support offered: Website: https://www.veritasvetpartners.com/ Ownership agreement: partnership Number of hospitals: over 100 leading specialty and emergency veterinary care hospitals National Veterinary Associates Jul 2020 - Present2 years 8 months Plano, Texas, United States VP, CISO and Privacy Officer Essilor Group Nov 2016 - Jul 20203 years 9 months Dallas, Texas,. Our doctors and pet care teams share best practices, medical knowledge, innovation and insights. The clinic was a great success. Would you like to change your VIN email? In the event that NVA acquiredPEC, those veterinarians wholeft would have to sell their shares, and under the terms of the proposed agreement, would be prohibited for five years from practicing after-hours emergency medicine outside of PEC. National Veterinary Associates Inc., a leading animal health chain owned by German consumer goods giant JAB Holding Co., was hit with a federal antitrust lawsuit in Spokane, Wash., on Monday over its alleged scheme to corner the regional market through noncompete and referral agreements tied to its acquisition of a veterinary hospital. FOR LAWYERS. National Veterinary Associates has acquired 2 organizations. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Veterinarians Following a public comment period, the Federal Trade Commission has approved a final order settling charges that Compassion First's proposed $5 billion acquisition of National Veterinary Associates, or NVA, would violate federal antitrust law. Commissioners Noah Joshua Phillips and Christine S. Wilson also issued a statement. It is considering seeking a valuation of about $4 billion for the business, which it bought in 2016 for roughly $1.35. The divested clinics include three SAGE facilities in Austin, Texas, and three clinics operated by a subsidiary of JAB located in San Mateo, Berkeley, and Fairfield, California. Stephanie T. Nguyen, Chief Technology Officer, JAB Consumer Partners Must Divest Clinics in California and Texas, as Well as Obtain Prior Approval and Provide Prior Notice for Certain Future Clinic Acquisitions, Competition and Consumer Protection Guidance Documents. Instructions for filing comments appear in the published notice. Last updated 4 days ago. As the two parties negotiated a non-binding letter of intent, word spread that NVA was willing to pay as much as $900 a share for the emergency clinic. Founded: in 2021 Practice eligibility criteria: general and emergency practices Dear Dr. Debt: I've ignored my student loans. For general inquiries, call 805.777.7722 or fill out our general contact form. Ownership status: PE baked by Harvest Partners, LP and Cressey & Company, LP The client then took the dog to Bowes, telling her that if the surgery cost more than $1,400, she'd have to euthanize the animal. VIP Pet Care handles the medical side, providing a variety of vet services such as diagnostic testing, vaccinations, microchipping, and prescription medications. Two internists on the payroll also signed the noncompete, although one later relocated. Read full review of Central Veterinary Associates [CVA] and 3 comments Helpful? One PEC shareholder confirmedto VIN News that the rates had become unaffordable to many. ; and Compassion Firsts Veterinary Referral Center of Northern Virginia in Manassas, V.A. NVA owns and partners with over 700 General Practice, Specialty, Emergency, and Equine hospitals, and Pet Resorts in 44 states and five countries. Search the Legal Library instead. Treating patients was a team effort between regular vets and the emergency vets. Can I stay with my practice or this is the end? The veterinary market has become a target for private equity investment as it is seen as a cash business in a fragmented market (lots of small hospitals), with many owners looking to retire. Comply with the prior notice requirement: The company must also notify the FTC in writing 30 days prior to acquiring any specialty or emergency veterinary clinic within 25 miles of a clinic owned by JAB anywhere in the United States, Further details about the order, including the appointment of a monitor to oversee compliance, can be found in the, The Commission vote to issue the complaint and accept the proposed order for public comment was 5-0. 00 Medium & Large Breed Adult Dogs (Over 5 Months) - $150. Here is a condensed version. Founded: in 1999 Ownership agreement: partnership The shareholders who owned 1,000 shares, the maximum allowable number for one individual under PEC bylaws, had the potential to sell their respective stakes for $900,000. Founded: in 2022 by Dr. Thomas Scavelli Practice eligibility criteria: Ownership agreement: individually structured to meet every practices unique needs Number of hospitals: 100+ hospitals in 30 states Rooted in culture of compassion, innovation and collaboration, NVA champions the advancement of veterinary care and provides the support and opportunities veterinary and pet care teams need to deliver exceptional care to pets and their families. What type of buyout am I to choose? Change.org Uh oh. Business support offered: Website: https://valleyveterinarycare.com/ Business support offered: Website: https://cvpco.com/ Number of hospitals: 100 Business support offered: Website: https://missionvetpartners.com/ Public Records Policy. Ownership status: funded by SkyKnight Ownership status: owned and led by a small group of vets and vet professionals; Capricorn Healthcare (PE) Founded in 2015, VCG is an innovative veterinary care company of 14 animal hospitals located in New York and Colorado. Buys in: nationwide Management was overseen by a board that met monthly. The joint decision-making model is also available. (Or visit customer support .) NVA has been expanding aggressively via acquisitions in recent years, and now owns roughly 670 veterinary hospitals and 70 "pet resorts" across the US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Use our visualizations to explore scam and fraud trends in your state based on reports from consumers like you. Dosages should be confirmed prior to dispensing medications unfamiliar to you. Extensive support in finance and accounting, HR, IT, and marketing, Practice management software with an extensive set of features (online scheduling, patient portals, voice notes, text messaging, etc.) As for PEC, it's unclear whetherthe practicewill be sold to NVA or another corporate consolidator. (866) 258-3217 Get in Touch with D&B Sales! NVA is a community of professionals united by the love of animals and the people who love them. And courts generally have accepted the need for corporate buyers to protect their assetsvia noncompete agreements. Practice eligibility criteria: Owners desiring to grow into additionalhospitals and maintain equity in their practice 800-815-6600. Find legal resources and guidance to understand your business responsibilities and comply with the law. Transaction Assessment: 46.00. The site is secure. National Veterinary Associates Inc., an animal health chain owned by German consumer goods giant JAB Holding Co., dodged federal antitrust litigation brought in Spokane, Wash., by two veterinarians who opposed its alleged plan to acquire an animal hospital there. "We six PEC doctors felt that signing the PEC contract, including the noncompete clause, was putting a big 'gift bow' on us to be delivered to NVA at the time of purchase," a veterinarian said. Ownership status: owned by AEA Investors LP and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority They acquired Ethos Veterinary Health for $1.7B. The employee data is based on information from people who have self-reported their past or current employments at National . Find top employees, contact details and business statistics at RocketReach. Now what? Number of hospitals: nearly 100 veterinary practices across the Mid-American and Southern markets Number of hospitals: 71 (+5 since January 2022) Buys in: Eastern United States At NVA, since our founding, we live by the servant leadership model. Buys in: under certain circumstances Lina M. Khan was sworn in as Chair of the Federal Trade Commission on June 15, 2021. The site is secure. Each Defendant shall file an Answer within twenty-one days of entry of this Order. For the second time in a month, the FTC is taking action to prevent private equity firm JAB from gobbling up competitors in regional markets that are already concentrated, said Holly Vedova, Director of the Bureau of Competition. Business support offered: Website: https://www.mypetsvetgroup.com/ Business support offered: Website: https://bondvet.com/ Number of hospitals: 9 (+1 since January 2022) The consent agreement settling the FTCs complaint against JAB and its subsidiaries requires them to: The proposed order also requires divestiture buyer United Veterinary Care, LLC, to obtain prior approval from the Commission before transferring any of the divested assets to any buyer for 10 years after acquiring the divestiture assets, except in the case of a sale of all or substantially all of the companys business. Founded: in 2009 Location of This Business. NVA Welcomes PetWell Partners to the Family! ), Professional education and courses for local leaders at Encore Performance Academy, Increased profitability through corporate business support, shared resources, and economies of scale, Relocation bonuses and tuition reimbursements, Comprehensive back-office support (streamlined operations, marketing, HR, accounting, payroll, recruiting, and technology), Centralized backup in operations (plans, operating budgets, buying new equipment and inventory, etc. Buys in: 30 States in US Number of hospitals: 4 Buys in: Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, Northeast and Southeast Ownership status: acquired by PetIQ, Inc. (NASDAQ: PETQ) You can learn more about how competition benefits consumers or file an antitrust complaint. Handling back-office functions such as finance, marketing, payroll, benefits, HR, etc. Our mission is protecting consumers and competition by preventing anticompetitive, deceptive, and unfair business practices through law enforcement, advocacy, and education without unduly burdening legitimate business activity. Business support offered: Website: https://www.cityvet.com/ According to the complaint, this deal is part of a growing trend towards consolidation in the emergency and specialty veterinary services markets across the United States in recent years by large chains, including JAB, which regularly monitors local markets throughout the United States in contemplation of continued growth through potential small and large acquisitions of specialty and emergency clinics. Stephanie T. Nguyen, Chief Technology Officer, Agency Requires Firm to Divest Clinics Across the Country, Imposes Strong Prior Approval and Notice on Firm and Buyers, Competition and Consumer Protection Guidance Documents, , the FTC is taking action to prevent private equity firm JAB from gobbling up competitors in regional markets that are already concentrated, said Holly Vedova, Director of the Bureau of Competition. Number of hospitals: 27 practices 13, is DENIED. Just two years ago, the FTC ordered divestitures to remedy another illegal acquisition by JAB the $5 billion purchase of NVA. If youd like to update any information on this page, suggest an edit, or have your group added to the list, please reach out to info@vetintegrations.com. Find the resources you need to understand how consumer protection law impacts your business. Buys in:Alaska, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Utah, Colorado, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Montana, Indiana, Arizona, Texas, Virginia Case draws attention to common provision in practice sales and acquisitions. As the business grew duringthe next four decades, the staff of emergency veterinarians grew. Founded: in 1986 by Bob Antin, Art Antin, and Neil Tauber They rely on specialty veterinarians for services that are beyond those typically offered by general veterinarians, such as internal medicine, neurology, medical oncology, critical care, ophthalmology, and surgery. Business support offered: Website: https://unitedveterinarycare.com/ Ownership status: acquired by Audax Private Equity We understand your day-to-day because we've lived it, and now we're here to help you have a greater impact while doing what you love. Founded: in 1984 Buys in:Pacific Northwest The FTC will publish the consent agreement package in the, The Commission issues an administrative complaint when it has reason to believe that the law has been or is being violated, and it appears to the Commission that a proceeding is in the public interest. Dr. Gretchen Hutts passions include the practice she founded, spending time with her family and traveling the world. National Veterinary Associates claims to be "the largest private owner of freestanding veterinary hospitals in the United States." Jones, an African American I.T. The Federal Trade Commission works to promote competition, and protect and educate consumers. Learn more about a Bloomberg Law subscription. National Veterinary Associates Overview Website: www.nva.com Headquarters: Agoura Hills, United States Size: 10000+ Employees Founded: 1996 Type: Company - Private Industry: Pet Care & Veterinary Revenue: Unknown / Non-Applicable Competitors: Banfield Pet Hospital, BluePearl Specialty + Emergency Pet Hospital, VCA Create Comparison Jay Price. An official website of the United States government. Images posted by VIN community members and displayed via VIN should not be considered of diagnostic quality and the ultimate interpretation of the images lies with the attending clinician. Following a public comment period, the Federal Trade Commission has approved a final order settling charges that Compassion Firsts proposed $5 billion acquisition of National Veterinary Associates, or NVA, would violate federal antitrust law. About National Veterinary Associates (NVA) NVA is a leading global veterinary community of more than 1,400 independently managed veterinary hospitals providing specialty, emergency, and general medical care as well as more than 100 pet resorts. ), HR, talent acquisition, and marketing, Buying new equipment and handling facility, technology, and software upgrades, Consistent support from MVPs regional medical director and operations manager, Benefits (401(k) plans, CE, PTO, and healthcare), Keeping the local brand and culture intact, Back-end support in operations and administrative tasks, Career opportunities and staff benefits for full-time employees, Continued focus on the business Local Brand and Culture, Employee benefits package (Healthcare, 401k, PTO, CE), Unrivaled expert support to ensure success, Practices with a great culture and prominent leadership potential, Retention of brand identity and practices unique approaches to medicine, Relieving administrative burdens (accounting, payroll, HR, marketing, operations, etc. 06.18.2019. Retirement plan at no cost to employees ESOP contributions have no impact on employees take-home pay, and as share prices grow, so does their retirement fund. Skip to Job Postings, Suite Life Pet Resort (2) Knoxville Animal Clinic (2) Blue Sky Pet Services (2) Concord Veterinary Hospitall (1). We work to advance government policies that protect consumers and promote competition. I was very happy to REMOTE work from home and learn Microsoft Dynamics and QuickBase. Ownership status: veterinarian-owned (formed by Shore Capital Partners (PE)) Search the Legal Library instead. The Commission vote to issue the complaint and accept the proposed order for public comment was 5-0. Any time you have an aggrieved owner in your practice, you face the potential for a veterinary board investigation and immediate risk to your veterinary license. And the best part of all, documents in their CrowdSourced Library are FREE! Business support offered: Website: https://www.thrivepetcare.com/ Friendly Reminder to Our Colleagues: TEST TEST Headquarters 29229 Canwood St Ste 100, Agoura Hills, California, 91301, United States (805) 777-7722 National Veterinary Associates Profile and History Established in 1997 and headquartered in Agoura Hills, California, National Veterinary Associates is a provider of veterinary services and equipment. Practice eligibility criteria: Ownership agreement: typically a majority sale to AmeriVet, but 100 percent sales and other types of deals are also possible. Business support offered: Website: https://heartlandvetpartners.com/ The UVC Difference. Find legal resources and guidance to understand your business responsibilities and comply with the law. Number of hospitals: 27 (+9 since January 2022) CityVet locations (including boarding/grooming locations under the Ruffit brand and the CityPet Supply store) in Texas and Colorado Practice eligibility criteria: AAHA-accredited and Fear Free-certified vet practices with a top-notch team, culture, and medical standards In other markets, the combined firm would be one of only a few alternatives for consumers. Once processed, comments will be posted on Regulations.gov. Contact Information Website www.nva.com Ownership Status Acquired/Merged (Operating Subsidiary) Financing Status Private Equity-Backed Primary Industry Other Services (B2C Non-Financial) JAMES DEWOLFE, AN INDIVIDUAL VS NATIONAL VETERINARY ASSOCIATES, INC., A CALIFORNIA CORPORATION, ET AL. Ownership agreement: partnership/ownership ); Schultz said she's witnessed a similar dynamic in human medicine, where exclusive referral agreements can trigger federal anti-kickback laws. Comments must be received 30 days after publication in the Federal Register. JAB is the parent company of two firms that operate chains of veterinary clinics providing general, specialty, and emergency care Compassion-First Pet Hospitals and National Veterinary Associates, Inc. SAGE Veterinary Partners owns and operates 16 veterinary clinics offering specialty and emergency care in Texas, California, Washington, and Alaska. Companies directory >>. "I have had to euthanize animals because my clients cant afford to pay [PEC rates]," the veterinarian said. They later learned that as PEC shareholders, they still were subject to the noncompete under the terms of a non-binding agreement PEC had signed with National Veterinary Associates Inc. Based in Agoura Hills, California, NVA has acquired morethan 600 practices in the U.S., Canada, Australia and New Zealand, according to information on the company website. Ownership status: acquired by Align Capital Partners in 2020 MEDIA CONTACT:Betsy LordanOffice of Public Affairs202-326-3707, STAFF CONTACT:Michael BarnettBureau of Competition 202-326-2362, Stephanie T. Nguyen, Chief Technology Officer, Competition and Consumer Protection Guidance Documents, HSR threshold adjustments and reportability for 2023, A Century of Technological Evolution at the Federal Trade Commission, National Consumer Protection Week 2023 Begins Sunday, March 5, FTC at the 65th Annual Heard Museum Guild Indian Fair & Market - NCPW 2023, Agnaten SE, Compassion First, and NVA, In the Matter of, Competition in the Health Care Marketplace. Learn more about the California lawyers at National Veterinary Associates Practice in Employee Rights, Employment, Lawsuit & Dispute, LAWYER SEARCH. Please fill out the form below if you want to receive new versions by email. UniCourt uses cookies to improve your online experience, for more information please see our Privacy Policy. Number of hospitals: 7 Vet groups buying pet-store-based clinics (, Practice eligibility criteria (features they are looking for in a practice to buy), Ownership agreement with practice owners (100 percent or majority/minority sale, investment opportunities for practice sellers etc.). The argument that the two organizations were seeking to monopolize the local emergency pet care market also could face an uphill battle, in Roasa's assessment. Instructions for filing comments appear in the published notice. Buys in: United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Singapore Phone Email. "As owners, we can tell [PEC] to put [a clients] cat on IV fluids until morning. listeners: [], One veterinarian who remains fiercely loyal to the hospital worries that things will never be the same there. Culture and Values. National Veterinary Associates 58,144 followers 4d Korra is a 5-year-old DSH who was referred to IndyVet due to chronic nasal discharge. Ownership status:Investors: D1 Capital Partners And Fidelity Management and Research Company We work to advance government policies that protect consumers and promote competition. Lawmakers in Washington state, where PEC is located, are considering legislation to prohibit noncompetes for employees earning $100,000 or less, limit any agreements to 18 months and require employers to cover wages of workers during the period they are barred from working. Maintaining the local brand identity and full clinical autonomy. Buys in: Michigan Bryan Wetta. Business support offered: Website: https://wellhaven.com/ Number of hospitals: undisclosed Founded: in 2015 Number of hospitals: 125+ in 17 states In its court response to the Choker and DeMarco complaint, NVA denies it could have imposed a noncompete agreement and mandatory referral obligation, given that its agreement with PEC was non-binding. Founded: in 2020 Joe Luceri and Len Podolsky Ownership status: acquired by The Aspen Group on Aug 16, 2022 Business support offered: Website: https://www.good-vets.com/ For the latest news and resources,follow the FTC on social media,subscribe to press releasesandread our blog. MEDIA CONTACT:Betsy LordanOffice of Public Affairs202-326-3707, STAFF CONTACT:Michael BarnettBureau of Competition202-326-2362, Stephanie T. Nguyen, Chief Technology Officer, Competition and Consumer Protection Guidance Documents, HSR threshold adjustments and reportability for 2023, A Century of Technological Evolution at the Federal Trade Commission, National Consumer Protection Week 2023 Begins Sunday, March 5, FTC at the 65th Annual Heard Museum Guild Indian Fair & Market - NCPW 2023, FTC alleges that, as proposed, the acquisition would harm competition, Agnaten SE, Compassion First, and NVA, In the Matter of, Agnaten SE, Compassion First and NVA; Analysis of Agreement Containing Consent Orders To Aid Public Comment, Competition in the Health Care Marketplace. Number of hospitals: over 400 general practice, specialty, and emergency veterinary hospitals throughout the US, including 100 THRIVE clinics ), Freedom for vet practice owners in running a business as they see fit, Practices staff, culture, and name are kept intact. Ownership agreement: 100 percent sale (cash) Go through all the papers you can find. Annual off-site events for sharing best practices, collaboration, and continuing education, Non-clinical, administrative services such as finance, operations, accounts payable, procurement, marketing, HR, and IT, Not interfering in medicine or formulary but instead, bringing benefits of scale and relief from operational burdens, letting practices keep serving their communities in their unique way, Well-run clinics with exceptional teams and a passion for animals, Hospitals with 2+ DVMs who are looking to adapt and grow their business, Partner Owners who want to stay invested in their practices, both emotionally and financially, Administrative support in areas including payroll, vendor relations, marketing, operations, HR, and IT, Profit-sharing plans for owners who stay with the practice, 401(k) employer-sponsored retirement plan, Significant cost savings on supplies due to economies of scale. 0 0 Share NOTE: The Commission issues an administrative complaint when it has reason to believe that the law has been or is being violated, and it appears to the Commission that a proceeding is in the public interest. Ownership agreement: 100% sale (cash) National Veterinary Associates is a law firm in Agoura Hills, CA. Dr. Pol, practicing veterinarian in rural Michigan, the star of the National Geographic TV series The Incredible Dr. Pol, is the subject of recent scrutiny. Not right fit but great Company4. Ownership agreement: sale with a stake in UVC available for practice sellers Practice eligibility criteria: looking for specific types of practices Roasa is not involved in the Spokane case. We all knew, trusted and respected each other. At Lowe's, we have a longstanding appreciation for the military community, including our customers, suppliers and nearly 20,000 military associates. Like many emergency clinics that popped up throughout the country in the 1970s and 1980s, PEC wasestablishedby veterinarians in the regionwho were tired of being on call. Economies of scale (financial benefits from partnering with a larger network). Ownership status: owned by the Moffatt family Buying a cash business like a companion animal practice is considered a safe and lucrative investment for private entities looking to gain profit and diversify their portfolio. Ownership status: acquired by KKR (PE) in 2017 From the beginning, NVA has upheld a steadfast commitment to empowering veterinary teams to do what they love. Sometime during the summer of 2017, PEC began discussions with NVA regarding a possible sale. The lawsuit against PEC and NVA also draws attention to professional divisions arising as veterinary emergency and referral clinics, serving a critical role as hubs for after-hours and advanced veterinary care, become businesses worth millions of dollars that attract large corporate suitors eager to expand into new markets. The complaint alleges that as originally proposed, the acquisition is likely to be anticompetitive in four geographic markets for various types of veterinary care: According to the complaint, these markets are highly concentrated, and the acquisition would substantially increase concentration in all of them. NVA and the hospital both understood this was, and both intended it to be, a merger-to-monopoly consolidation, the complaint says. 2. Schultz expects the case to come to trial in 2020. ", Schultz contends that the noncompete was being used "to increase the value to the corporate takeover, to grease the skids to allow the corporation to monopolize the veterinary services.".
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